Hydraulic power-transmission mechanism



y A. NYDQVIST HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed Oct. 15, 1924 Patented May 3, 1927.

UNITED STATES- 1,627,294 lfA TENT OFFICE.

ANTENQ NYDQVIST,-OF TROLL HATTAN, SWEDEN.

HYDRAULIC POWER-TRANSMISSION MECHANTSM.

Application filed October 15, 1924, Serial No. 743,730, and in Sweden October 13, 1923.

The invention relates to fluid power trans mission devices, transformers, turbines, compressors or the like.

The hydraulic power transmlsslon device known under the name of the Fottinger transformer works, as known,satisfactorily as long as the ratio of gearing for which the device is built is not considerably exceeded. If, however, the turning moment on the driven shaft is increased so that the speed of said shaft is substantially below the speed desired, the efiiciency of the system will decrease. The object of this invention is to overcome said difliculty thereby allowing the device to operate on different ratios of gearing.

The invention is characterized, chiefly, by the fact that the blade wheels of the device are provided with blades composed wholly or partially of movable .members secured to concentric rings capable of axial displacement, by the displacement of which the operating radial length of blades may be changed to vary the ratio of g aring of the evice.

The invention is applicable to' water turbines, rotary pumps, gas turbines, compressors and the like enabling a variation of the number of revolutions, the turning moment of turbines, and the pressure and output of pumps and compressors as well.

The invention is illustrated in the draw ing by way of example.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of one half of a hydraulic transformer according 'to this invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross section of part of the blade system of said transformer.

Secured to the shaft 1 (the primary shaft) which is connected directly or indirectly to a power engine (not shown) is a blade wheel 2 (the primary wheel), and secured to the shaft 3 to be driven (the secondary shaft) is a blade wheel 4 (the secondary wheel). The wheels 2 and 4 are so positioned relatively to each other as to form within themselves a continuous passage adapted to be filled with 1i uid which, in the rotation of the primary w eel is caused in well known way both to rotate relatively to the shafts 1 and 3 and to move in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 1, to thereby give rise to a difi'erence of pressure between inlet and outlet of wheel 2 as in. a centrifugal pump. The pressure and movement of the iquid acting on the secondary wheel 4 will cause said wheel to rotate in the same direction as the primary Wheel and thus operate as a turbine.

, The parts above described and theiropera- Thus, they comprise, in the embodiment and axially movable to all F ottinger transshown, fixed members 6 members 7, The movable members 7, 7 are concentrically arranged and'carried bv annular disks 8 and 8', respectively, and eligage corresponding holes formed in the outer side wall of the primary wheel 2. With the movable blade portions 7, 7' pulled out of the blade wheel passage the primary wheel will operate the diameter of the latter is comparatlvely small, the speed of rotation of the 11 uid and thus also the speed of rotat1on o the secondar wheel 4'will decrease accordlngly. Accor ing as it is desired to increase the number of revolutions of the secondary wheel, the length of blades of the primary wheel may be increased bv pulling passage.

The control of the discs 8 and 8', respectively, carrying the movable blade 7 and 7', respectively, may be eflected mechanically or, as indicated in Fig. 1, by hydraulic means. In the said last mentioned case the disks are shaped to form closed chambers 10, 11, 12 between themselves and the primary wheel and the surrounding casing 9. Said chambers may, through passages 13 formed in the hub of the casing 9 and pipes 14, be set under various pressure to displace the disks. The liquid pressure necessary for this purpose may be delivered, for instance, by the device itself which is completely filled with liquid, through pipe conduits 15, 16 extending from points having different pressures. The adjustment is effected by means of valves 17 by means of which the chambers 10, 11, 12 may be alternately connected to the discharge side (by 15) or to the suction side (by 16).

In Fig. 1 the middle chamber 11 is assumed to be connected to the discharge side and the two other chambers 10, 12 to the suction side, whereby the disk 8' carrying the outermost blade series 7 is pulled series only with the fixed bladesthe movable blade" series into tlie out. No matter whether the control is mechanical or hydraulical it may beefiected while the device is in operation. a

Several modifications of the structure described may 1 be made without departing from the rinciple or scope of the invention.

What claim is:

1. In a fluid device, a casing, blade wheels in said casing, a fluid channel in said blade wheels, blades on said wheels having a'concentric annular series of loose blade sections,

individual. members carrying each of said loose blade sections, said members being movable axially independently of each otherand formed as pistons to enable displacement thereof by means of a pressure medium.

provided in the casin 2. In a fluid device, a casing, blade wheels .in said casing, a fluid channel in said blade wheels, blades "on saidwheels having a concentric annular series oi loose blade sections individual members carrying each of sai loose blade sections, said members being independently movable axially and having piston-like portions, a closed chamber being for each of sai piston-like portions, individual conduits adapted to supply a pressure medium to said chambers, and control valves in said conduits.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name.

' ANTENOR NYDQVIST. 

